黄檀播种育苗技术规程 Code of practice for sowing and raising seedlings of Dalbergia hupeana43 湖南省地方标准 ICS CCS 07.080 B 61 DB43/T2442—2022 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局2022-1 1发布-10 2023-02实施-10 DB43/T 2442—2022 I 目 次 前言 ································ ································ ································ ························ Ⅲ 1 范围 ································ ································ ································ ····················· 1 2 规范性引用文件 ································ ································ ································ ······ 1 3 术语和定义 ································ ································ ································ ············ 1 4 种子准备 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 1 5 芽苗培育 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 1 6 一年生裸根苗培育 ································ ································ ································ ··· 2 7 一年生容器苗培育 ································ ································ ································ ··· 3 8 圃地管理 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 3 9 苗木质量 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 4 10 苗木出圃 ································ ································ ································ ·············· 4 11 档案管理 ································ ································ ································ ·············· 5 附录A（资料性） 育苗技术管理档案 ································ ································ ············· 6 DB43/T 2442—2022 II DB43/T 2442—2022 III 前 言 本文件按照 GB/T 1.1 —2020《标准化工作导则 第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的 发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省林业局提出。 本文件由湖南省林业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件起草单位：湖南省植物园、怀化市林业科学研究所。 本文件主要起草人：颜立红、蒋利媛、肖绿田、向光锋、田晓明、张凌宏、王晓玲、李高飞、李雯、 刘小雄、袁春、陈玉婷。 DB43/T 2442—2022 IV DB43/T 2442—2022 1 黄檀播种育苗技术规程 1 范围 本文件规定了黄檀（ Dalbergia hupeana Hance）播种育苗的种子准备、芽苗培育、一年生裸根苗培 育、一年生容器苗培育、圃地管理、苗木质量、苗木出圃和档案管理等技术要求。 本文件适用于黄檀播种苗培育。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，仅 该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单 ）适用于本文件。 LY/T 2752 林木轻基质无纺布容器苗育苗技术规程 DB43/T 093 林木育苗技术规程 DB43/T 094 主要造林树种苗木质量分级 3 术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 芽苗移栽 bud seedling transplanting 将芽苗从芽苗床中取出栽植到已准备好的移苗床或容器袋中的过程。 3.2 富根 rich root seedling 通过应用各种促根剂使一年生播种苗根系的侧根和须根增多的技术。 4 种子准备 4.1 采种 选择15年生以上、干形较通直、生长健壮、无病虫害的采种母树，当果皮由黄绿色变为黄褐色时 进行采集，采回后晾或晒至干燥，再捣碎果荚，取出种子，并净种。 4.2 贮藏 净种后室内常温干藏。 5 芽苗培育 5.1 种子消毒 DB43/T 2442—2022 2 用0.5％的高锰酸钾溶液浸种消毒 30 min，用水清洗，风干至不粘粒后播种。 5.2 播种时期 播种期宜在 1月～2月。 5.3 播种量 播种量60 g/m2～70 g/m2。 5.4 播种 将种子均匀地撒播于准备好的苗床上，用过筛的黄心土覆盖，厚度约 1 cm，浇透水。 5.5 做拱覆膜 苗床应做拱，拱高 50 cm～60 cm，拱距100 cm～120 cm，覆盖地膜，并将苗床两边和两头接地的 地膜用土压实。 5.6 苗床管理 苗床过干时应及时补水。地膜内温度超过 40 ℃时应及时揭开薄膜两端通气或适当遮荫降温。 6 一年生裸根苗培育 6.1 圃地选择 宜选择土壤疏松肥沃、排灌良好、 pH值5.5～6.5的砂壤土，并符合 DB43/T 093 的规定。 6.2 整地 两次翻耕。翻耕深度 20 cm～25 cm，应清除草根、石块，碎土整平。 6.3 施基肥 基肥宜用钙镁磷肥，在第二次翻耕前均匀撒施，与土拌匀，施肥量 1125 kg/hm2～1500 kg/hm2。若 土壤肥力较差，应增施充分发酵腐熟的有机肥 2250 kg/ hm2～3000 kg/hm2或复合肥750 kg/hm2～ 1500 kg/hm2。 6.4 作床 苗床应平整无积水，宽 100 cm～120 cm，高20 cm，长依地形而定，但不宜超过 20 m，步道宽 30 cm。 6.5 土壤消毒 70％甲基硫菌灵（甲基托布津）按 900 g/hm2～1350 g/hm2的用量兑水 800倍液喷雾后，地膜覆盖 3 d～5 d。 6.6 芽苗移栽 6.6.1 移栽时间 应在芽苗长出 2片对生子叶至 1片初生叶时移栽。